Kathmandu. Iran and the United States have proposed a 45-day ceasefire and the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz.

This has shown the possibility of temporarily stopping the ongoing conflict. Two Middle East officials said the draft proposal, prepared by mediators from Egypt, Pakistan and Turkey, had been sent to both sides, but there had been no official response.

The resolution aims to create conditions for a permanent ceasefire through detailed negotiations within a period of 45 days. The proposal was sent to Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi and US Middle East envoy Steve Wittoff.

However, it is still uncertain whether an agreement will be reached due to mistrust and tough stance between the two sides. Tehran refuses to stop the war without economic reparations and guarantees that it will not strike again, while U.S. President Donald Trump has threatened to strike “heavy infrastructure” if Iran does not reopen the Strait of Hormuz within its deadline. Meanwhile, violence on the battlefield has intensified.

More than 25 people have been killed in attacks in various cities of Iran from Sunday to Monday. At least 15 people were killed in airstrikes in the Eslamsar area near Tehran, officials said. Tehran’s Sharif University of Technology was also attacked, causing a complete outage of the university’s online services and forcing students to leave campus. On the military side, Iran has suffered heavy losses.

Major General Majid Khademi, the intelligence chief of Iran’s paramilitary Revolutionary Guard, has been killed in a targeted attack, state media reported. Israel has also confirmed the action and said it was targeting the top leadership of the Guard. Other senior Guard officers have been killed in the past.

Israel has also claimed to have caused serious damage to Iran’s steel and petrochemical industries. The war zone has expanded to the Gulf countries. An Iranian drone strike damaged a telecommunications building in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates, and a person was injured during a missile interception in Abu Dhabi.

Missiles are also being fired at Israel. Residential buildings, injuries and fires were reported in Haifa and several cities in central Israel. Two people have been killed and two are still missing in the attack in Haifa.

The effects of war are spreading worldwide. The conflict, which began on February 28, has killed thousands, destabilised international markets and disrupted key energy supply routes. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has affected about 20% of the world’s oil and gas supplies.

In this context, many countries have intensified efforts to ensure alternative energy supply. South Korea plans to send ships to Saudi Arabia’s Yanbu port to open a new oil shipping route and has stepped up diplomatic efforts. The war has also raised the question of human rights.

Iran has executed a man linked to the January protests, which international human rights organizations have criticized. Overall, while the 45-day ceasefire proposal has the potential to ease tensions, the prospect of an immediate solution remains uncertain given the tough stance of both sides and escalating violence.